Classification of Drilling Machines
The main parameter of the drilling machine, the drilling machine, is the maximum drilling diameter. According to the different use and structure, the drilling machine can be divided into vertical drilling machine, radial drilling machine, table drilling machine, deep hole drilling machine and other drilling machines.
Vertical drilling machine
As shown in the following figure, the vertical drilling machine is a drilling machine with the headstock and workbench placed on the column and the spindle arranged vertically. During processing, the workpiece is installed on the workbench directly or through the fixture, and the rotating movement of the spindle is driven by the motor through the gearbox. When machining, the spindle does not only the main movement of rotation, but also the axial feed movement. The upper and lower positions of the table and feed box can be adjusted along the guide rail on the column to adapt to drilling on the workpiece of different heights. Due to the method of moving the position of the workpiece on the vertical drilling machine, the center of the hole to be machined is aligned with the center of the spindle, so the operation is very inconvenient, not suitable for processing large parts, and the productivity is not high. In addition, the degree of automation of the vertical drilling machine is generally low, so it is often used for processing small and medium-sized workpieces in single piece and small batch production. It is usually replaced by combination drilling machines in mass production.
Radial drilling machine
As shown in the following figure, the radial drilling machine is a drilling machine whose radial arm can be rotated and lifted around the column, and the headstock can be moved horizontally on the radial arm. The workpiece is fixed on the work table of base 1, and the rotation and axial feed movement of spindle 8 is realized by the motor through the headstock 7. The headstock can be moved on the guide rail of the rocker arm 3, and the rocker arm can be moved up and down along the column 2 with the transmission of the motor 5 and the lead screw 4. Column 2 consists of an inner column and an outer column, and the outer column can be rotated around the inner column within the range of ±180°. Therefore, the spindle can be easily adjusted to the required processing position, which brings great convenience for processing large and heavy workpieces in single piece and small batch production.
Bench drilling machine
As shown in the following figure, the bench drilling machine is a small drilling machine with a vertical spindle arrangement, and the drilling diameter is generally below Φ15mm. Due to the small machining aperture, the speed of the bench drill spindle can be very high, generally up to tens of thousands of revolutions per minute. The bench drill is small and flexible, easy to use, but the general degree of automation is low, and it is suitable for processing various holes on small parts in single piece and small batch production.
